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MycoBank: 290056 Basionym: Psathyrella saponacea F. H. Møller 1945 l. c. Original diagnosis: |
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"Pileo 1-2.5 cm, hygrophano, fusco, in statu sicco alutaceo, centro ochraceo, hemisphaerico vel subcampanulato, obtuso, nudo, margine saepe ferrugineo, primo fragmentis minutis, fugacissimis veli appendiculato; pellucido-striato. Lemallis caesiis, postremo atris, latis, late adnatis, subdecurrentibus, confertis; acie distincte albo-flucculosa. Stipite 2.5-5 cm x 1.5-2 mm, albo, sursum attenuato, curvato, sericeo-nitente, deorsum laevi, subradicato, rigido, fistuloso. Carne concolore, in stipite subferruginea, tenui, odore subnauseoso, saponaceo (ut in Tricholomate saponaceo), sapore nullo. Sporis acervatim atris, ovalibus, sub vitro atro-brunneis, 12-13 x 6.5-7.5 µ. Basidiis 4-sterigmaticis, pyriformibus, 20-24 x 11-12 µ. Acie lamellarum sterili, cystidiis autem numerosis, ampullaceis, capitatis, 28-42 x 10-13 µ (capite 6-7 µ lato). - Gregatim. Ad terram horti stercoratam. Thorshavn, Nolsö (Faeröes). A Ps. gracili et Ps. squamifera cystidiis, basi stipitis glabra et odore saponaceo differt. Ps. gracilis lamellis rubro-marginatis et Ps. squaminfera velo universali differunt." |
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Type: Important synonyms: Psathyrella coprophila Watling apud Watling & Jurand 1971 in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 31: 146 Psathyrella equina A. H. Sm. 1972 in Mem. N. Y. bot. Gdn. 24: 269 Psathyrella fimetaria Watling apud Watling & Jurand 1971 in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinb. 31: 143 Psathyrella olivaceopallida A. H. Sm. 1972 in Mem. N. Y. bot. Gdn. 24: 138 Select. descript.: Hausknecht & Rücker (1989): 105f., 109 (as Psathyrella coprophila), Kits v. Wav. (1972): 49f. (as P. coprophila), (1985): 99ff (as P. coprophila), Ludwig (2007): 603f. (as P. coprophila), Larssen & Örstadius (2008): 1176, Møller (1945): 180f.), Örstadius & Knudsen (2008): 590, Smith (1972): 138 (as P. olivaceopallida), 269f. (as P. equina), Watling & Jurand (1971): 143ff. (as P. fimetaria), 146ff. (as P. coprophila) Select. icons: Hausknecht & Rücker (1989): 109 (b/w, as Psathyrella coprophila), Ludwig (2007a): 178 (as P. coprophila) |
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Macrocharacters: Pileus 3-25 mm broad, hemispherical to convex, sometimes with a small umbo, fresh dark red brown, striated, fading to yellowish brown. Veil sparse and volatile. Lamellae moderately close, grey brown to brown, edge white. Stipe 8-90 x 1-4 mm, whitish to pale brown, apex pruinose, somewhat fibrillose, base slightly enlarged, with a short pseudorhiza. Spore print black with a trace of red. |
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Microcharacters: Spores 10,5-14,5 (-16) x 6-8 (8,8) µm, av. 11,3-15,8 x 6,4-7,9 µm, av. Q=1,70-2,00, ellipsoid, ovoid, germ pore distinct, often slightly eccentrical. In water red brown, in ammonia dark red brown, in KOH dark blackish brown with purplish tones, subopaque to opaque. Basidia (18-) 27,5-41 x 10-13,7 µm, 4-spored. Cheilocystidia (20-) 33-55 x 6-16,5 µm, numerous and mostly crowded, only sometimes with gaps. Undermixed by many sphaeropedunculate and clavate marginal cells, 13,7-30 x 7-20 µm. All cells colourless; edge not pigmented. Pleurocystidia 23-60 x 9-16,5 µm, extremely rare to moderately numerous. Clamps present. |
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Habitat: Dung, especially of horses, manure-straw mixtures. Distribution: Austria, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Norway, Spain, Sweden, USA Remarks: Smith (1972) calls for any of the species a eccentric germ pore, and calls for Psathyrella equina as habitat (horse) dung. Larsson & Örstadius (2008) describe the germ pore as "vague and clearly central to eccentric." As habitat are horses and cattle dung indicated, as well manured soil. Coll. exam.: (G) Saxony: Kyhna, 06.10.03 (AM333); - Herb. Gent University (4.186). |